Spriggs Essentials Sleep Technicians Practice Exam

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• Which action is essential before beginning a sleep study to ensure accurate results?
• Which condition is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness?
• What is the correct setting for EOG filters as per standard practice?
• What is the definition of sleep latency?
• In the context of sleep disorders, what is hypersomnia?
• What type of artifact is commonly caused by patient movement during a sleep study?
• Which of these electrode sites is not typically used in a baseline montage?
• What should a sleep technician do first to ensure the proper test is being performed?
• What is the primary purpose of using a high-frequency filter in polysomnography?
• In relation to EEG, what does the term 'amplitude' represent?
• What may happen if sleep is consistently fragmented?
• In relation to the measurement from Cz to T4, how far is T5 if T5 is 3.5 cm closer to Cz than T4?
• What is a major difference between AC and DC amplifiers?
• What signifies REM sleep in a sleep study?
• What is the role of the hypothalamus in sleep regulation?
• In measuring the vertical distance on the head, what reference points would be critical?
• In which sleep phase does most dreaming occur?
• What term describes the rate at which a wave repeats itself or oscillates?
• If a low wave artifact is detected, what is a potential consequence?
• What is the most likely cause of a high-amplitude, low-frequency artifact in an EEG channel?
• What is a primary characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea?
• The recording of eye movements is based on which electrical potential difference?
• What are the primary sleep phases measured during a sleep study?
• What is the typical duration of a diagnostic polysomnography study?
• What is the primary focus of observing respiratory patterns during a sleep study?
• Which environmental factor can negatively impact sleep quality?
• Which of the following is not true of muscle artifact?
• What is the recommended impedance level for EEG electrodes?
• In which way can lifestyle changes enhance sleep quality?
• Which variable is crucial for accurate EEG frequency calculations?
• During the night, the technician notices a gradual decline of the SpO2 by 8%. Which of the following would help determine the cause of this event?
• What is the distance from Fp2 to F8?
• Which scenario is most likely to cause electrode popping?
• What effects can chronic sleep deprivation have on physical health?
• What is the distance from F3 to Fz if the measurement from F7 to F3 is 6 cm?
• What is a possible effect of caffeine consumption late in the day?
• How does excessive noise in the environment during sleep affect a person?
• What common recommendation is made for improving sleep hygiene?
• Which factor is significant in determining an individual's ability to fall asleep?
• Which factors can contribute to circadian rhythm disorders?
• If F7 to F3 measures 6 cm, what would be the significance of this measurement in terms of cortex lead placements?
• Which measurement is affected by the impedance of the skin?
• How can excessive daytime sleepiness affect work performance?
• What is essential for ensuring the integrity of signal derivations in a sleep study?
• What is the primary goal of maintaining a sleep diary?
• How should sleep technicians provide patient education on sleep hygiene?
• Which adjunct therapy is commonly associated with managing insomnia?
• Which phase of sleep is primarily associated with dreaming?
• Which electrode site is located 10% above the inion?
• Which of these is considered a DC channel?
• What is a characteristic of slow-frequency artifact appearing in an EEG channel?
• With a head circumference of 60 cm, what is the distance from O2 to T4?
• Which of the following therapies focuses on behavioral changes to improve sleep?
• If the distance from T6 to Pz is stated as 8 cm, how far is it from C3 to Pz?
• What is REM sleep important for?
• Which equation correctly represents sensitivity in EEG recordings?
• What is indicated by the output signal of a differential amplifier when both inputs are identical?
• What is the primary purpose of the low-frequency filter in polysomnography?
• In polysomnography, what does the sensitivity setting refer to?
• What is the distance from T3 to Oz if the circumference of the patient's head is 50 cm?
• Why is monitoring oxygen saturation critical during sleep studies?
• What effect does adjusting the sensitivity from 5 μV/mm to 10 μV/mm have?
• What is a disadvantage of using a gold cup electrode?
• What distinguishes central sleep apnea from obstructive sleep apnea?
• Which electrode site is half the distance from T3 to T4?
• What factor is most likely to cause a 60-Hz artifact?
• What percentage of the vertical measurement of the head (nasion to inion) is Pz from the inion?
• Typical findings in a sleep study for periodic limb movement disorder include?
• If the measured distance from the nasion to the inion is 36 cm, what is the distance from Cz to Pz?
• According to polarity convention, an eye movement to the right should result in which pen deflection across the electrodes?
• What can occur from referencing electrodes with dissimilar metals to each other?
• The measured distance from pre-auricular to pre-auricular is 40 cm. What is the distance from Cz to C3?
• What does polysomnography primarily measure?
• What is the primary function of a sleep technician?
• What is the primary function of a CPAP machine?
• Which artifact may be observed during an EEG recording?
• What role does the reticular activating system (RAS) play in sleep?
• How is the amplitude of a wave determined in polysomnography?
• How far is C3 from T5 if the distance from Cz to C3 is 6 cm and C3 to T5 is 3 cm?
• What role does sleep hygiene education play in improving sleep?
• If the low-frequency filter is increased from 0.3 Hz to 1 Hz in an EEG channel, what is the effect?
• What is the distance from the left pre-auricular point to T3 if the distance from pre-auricular point to pre-auricular point is 36 cm?
• What filter setting is typically appropriate for ECG monitoring?
• What is an indicator of sleep-disordered breathing during a sleep study?
• Which of these is the best sensitivity setting for an EEG channel?
• What is associated with the physiologic effects of sleep deprivation?
• What is a typical instruction for patients before a sleep study?
• What is the recommended treatment for obstructive sleep apnea?
• Which age group is most commonly affected by restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
• How does the circadian rhythm affect sleep?
• Amplitude is primarily a measure of which quantity?
• During a sleep study, what is a priority if multiple artifacts arise simultaneously?
• If G1 = −80 μV and the output voltage is 20 μV, what is the voltage at G2?
• What are common comorbidities associated with sleep apnea?
• In the case of a constant artifact in multiple channels, what is the most advisable action?
• What type of equipment is primarily used to monitor brain activity during a sleep study?
• What is the primary function of a high-frequency filter?
• When using a sensitivity setting of 5 µV/mm, how much pen deflection is produced by a 75-µV signal?
• What is the optimal method of correcting undesirable artifacts when the patient is asleep?
• When reviewing an EEG, which element would you assess first for signal quality?
• What is a primary goal of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)?
• The quality and accuracy of a sleep recording is mostly determined by?
• What should be done if a mixed-frequency artifact appears due to a faulty electrode without a backup derivation available?
• Which organization is the leading authority in sleep medicine?
• Which condition is likely to cause slow wave artifact in the EEG or EOG channels?
• What is a nocturnal oximetry test primarily used for?
• What is the distance from O2 to Fz if the distance from O1 to Fz is 8 cm?
• What are key components of a sleep study report?
• Which of these settings is preferred for the HFF in an EMG channel?
• Changing the sensitivity setting in EEG causes what effect?
• What aspect of sleep might be tracked with a sleep study?
• Which of the following is a primary symptom of insomnia?
• What is the role of REM sleep in overall health?
• When the measured distance from Cz to T4 is 14 cm, what is the distance from C4 to T4?
• Amplitude is a measurement of the what of a waveform, whereas frequency is a measurement of the what of a waveform?
• Tracing the signal pathway from the patient to the output of the polysomnograph can be beneficial for:
• What is the role of the prefrontal cortex during sleep?
• How can the frequency of an EEG signal be determined?
• Which one or more of the following statements is true regarding notch filters?
• Which of the following is a potential outcome of reduced sleep quality?
• How does obesity relate to sleep apnea?
• How is sleep apnea primarily diagnosed?
• During a sleep study, what does a high arousal index indicate?
• What may cause a strong ECG artifact in an EMG channel?
• Where should the chin EMG electrodes be placed?
• Which age group is most likely to experience sleep disturbances?
• What role does temperature play in achieving quality sleep?
• What is actigraphy and how is it used?
• Which of these HFF settings is preferred in the airflow channel?
• What is one of the key indicators monitored to assess sleep apnea?
• What is a common feature when documenting eye movements in EEG?
• A ground loop may occur when:
• When determining electrode placements, which two points are crucial for accurate measurement?
• If both G1 and G2 receive an input of 50 μV, what is the expected output signal?
• If the measurement from T6 to Pz is 8 cm, what is the distance from P4 to Pz?
• What are some common signs of sleep apnea?
• What is a characteristic symptom of restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
• If a 60-Hz artifact is present during physiologic calibrations, what should the technologist do?
• Given a patient's head circumference of 56 cm, what is the distance from Oz to O1?
• If G1 and G2 both equal −25 μV, what is the output voltage?
• What is an appropriate sensitivity setting for an EEG channel?
• Which of the following are common types of sleep studies performed?
• What type of wire is best for recording EEG activity?
• Which symptom is commonly associated with sleep apnea?
• A stress loop can be most beneficial when applying which electrodes?
• What are parasomnias?
• Why is it important to analyze sleep architecture?
• In terms of patient comfort, which of the following is an important consideration during polysomnography?
• Which muscle are the leg EMG electrodes placed on?
• When the patient looks up, what will the waves on the E2 and E1 channels do?
• What are the potential consequences of untreated insomnia?
• If G1 receives a signal of −100 μV while G2 receives −50 μV, what is the output signal?
• Which electrode site is located half the distance between Fp2 and C4?
• Which hormone is key in regulating sleep-wake cycles?
• What happens to the channels when a patient looks right?
• How does age affect sleep patterns?
• Which filter settings are most appropriate for the EEG?
• Which medical professional typically interprets the results of a polysomnography study?
• Which type of medication is known to cause sleep disturbances?
• If G1 = 60 μV and G2 = 10 μV, what is the output signal voltage?
• Which electrode site is located half the distance from O2 to C4?
• In which of these channels is the shape of the waves most important?
• What type of device is commonly used to measure airflow during sleep?
• What filter settings are best for recording EMG channels?
• The polysomnograph has a leakage current of 200 μA. What should the technician do about this?
• A sleep study usually includes all but which of the following measurements?
• What approach may be taken if a patient has both insomnia and sleep apnea?
• The distance from Fp1 to O1 through C3 is 24 cm. What is the distance from C3 to P3?
• What is a common approach to improving sleep hygiene?
• What does cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) focus on?
• Which EEG electrode site is half the distance from F8 to Fz?
• What is the distance from P4 to T4 if the distance from O2 to P4 is 10 cm?
• What is the primary purpose of an EEG?
• What type of sleep disorder may cause inadequate REM sleep?
• Wires attached to the patient may be dangerous if:
• Which filter settings should be used for recording airflow and respiratory effort?
• Which filter settings are most appropriate for EEG channels in a sleep study?
• What should be done if a slow wave artifact appears in three EEG channels sharing a common reference?
• How does smoking affect sleep quality?
• What does the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) measure?
• Which of these montages includes the use of a thermal and pressure channel to measure airflow?
• Which of the following is a common symptom of sleep apnea?
• If the measured distance from the nasion to the inion is 32 cm, what is the distance from the inion to Oz?
• The symbol "G1" in polysomnography represents what?
• What percentage of the circumference of the head is T5 from T3?
• What is the recommended position for a patient with obstructive sleep apnea?
• What is one indicator that a person may have sleep apnea?
• What is the primary symptom of narcolepsy?
• Which of these montages typically includes a full or expanded EEG hookup?
• Which electrode site is half the distance from Fp2 to T4?
• What benefit does maintaining a consistent sleep schedule provide?
• Which of these LFF settings is preferred for an EEG channel?
• How can sleep technicians ensure patient comfort during polysomnography?
• If Cz to Pz measures 7.2 cm, what is the distance from T4 to Pz given that T4 is 4.2 cm from Cz?
• A change in sensitivity produces a change in the?
• What does an electroencephalogram (EEG) assess in individuals?
• What is the primary aim of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy?
• The exploring electrode detects a voltage of −20 μV. The output voltage is 50 μV. What voltage did the reference electrodes detect at this time?
• What is the expected movement of the E1 and E2 channels on polysomnography when the patient looks up?
• What is the best method for correcting a 60-Hz artifact in leg EMGs during physiologic calibrations?
• Which of the following can be a symptom of insomnia?
• Electrical interference can best be prevented if which of the following actions is taken?
• What effect does caffeine have on sleep onset?
• How does sleep deprivation affect cognitive performance?
• The frequency of a waveform can be altered by adjusting its?
• Which of the following actions should the technologist not take in response to a low amplitude in the airflow channel?
• What is the consequence of sleep fragmentation?
• What does an increase in the low-frequency filter setting likely affect?
• Which of these HFF settings is preferred in an EEG channel?
• If a high-frequency artifact appears in a single EEG channel that shares a reference with other channels, what should be done?
• Which therapy is often recommended for improving insomnia?
• What does an EMG monitor during a sleep study?
• Which of the following describes the function of a differential amplifier?
• EEG amplitude is measured in which units, whereas EEG frequency is measured in which units?
• What is the best practice for managing a high-frequency artifact if it only appears in one channel?
• Why is it crucial to incorporate behavioral strategies in sleep therapy?
• Which EEG electrode site is half the distance from O1 to T3?
• What distance corresponds to the location Pz when measured from the inion?
• How is obstructive sleep apnea primarily diagnosed?
• Which of these sensors generates its own voltages and may be plugged directly into the head box?
• What does the term 'montage' refer to in EEG?
• The low-frequency filter in an EEG system is most closely associated with which aspect?
• Which of these electrodes is located 20% of the horizontal measurement of the head (pre-auricular point to pre-auricular point) to the left of Cz?
• What is the standard paper speed used for a sleep study?